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KMID : 1033220230130010001
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Journal of Acute Care Surgery
2023 Volume.13 No. 1 p.1 ~ p.9
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Spectrum, Management, and Outcomes of Abdominal Surgical Emergencies at a Referral Hospital in North West Cameroon
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Ngwa Ebogo Tagang Titus
Ntih Mariette Liekeh
Ngock Farra Fola George
Sama Akayun
Sena Guylaine Rosine
Nzinga Joy Richie
Nchufor Roland Ndouh
Pisoh Tagnyin Christopher
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Abstract
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Purpose: Abdominal surgical emergencies are a major health burden in low- and middle-incomecountries where management is often very challenging, and associated with high morbidity and mortality.
The spectrum, management, and outcomes of abdominal surgical emergencies needs to be updated.
Methods: This was a hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study carried out in Bamenda,Cameroon over a 2-year period. Records of patients who met the inclusion criteria were reviewed, withpre-, intra- and postoperative data collected and analyzed.
Results: There were 207 patients included in this retrospective review (male to female ratio of 1.4:1. Themean age was 47.4 (± 19.4) years. Intestinal obstruction (34.8%) and perforated peptic ulcers (15.5%)were the most common abdominal surgical emergencies. The median delay and interquartile range topresentation and in-hospital delay were 6 (4) days and 8 (12) hours, respectively. The mean length ofhospital stay post-surgery was 11days. There were 48.3% of patients who developed a complication;34.78% were major, 17.9% had an unplanned reoperation, and 15 (7.2%) were readmitted after discharge.
The 30-day in hospital mortality was 19.8%. Mortality was independently associated with a highAmerican Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score; ASA score > 3, age > 60 years, and referral fromother health facilities.
Conclusion: Intestinal obstructions from intraperitoneal neoplasm is the most common cause ofabdominal surgical emergency in North West Cameroon. Abdominal emergencies here are associatedwith a very high morbidity and mortality in males > 60 years with an ASA score > 3 and with more thanone comorbidity.
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KEYWORD
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Cameroon, emergency, resources, surgery
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